ACHEM 2221: Agroindustrial, Nuclear and Natural Product Chemistry (T)

 

Department of Agricultural Chemistry

 

Course Code: ACHEM 2221

Course Title: Agroindustrial, Nuclear and Natural Product   Chemistry

Credit: 3

Contact Hours: 48

Level: 2

Semester: 2

 

Rationale:

This course deals with the chemistry and technology of different agroindustrial crops, fertilizers and natural product; and the application and safety of radioisotopes through nuclear techniques.

 

 

Course Learning Outcomes (CLO):

  1. Explain manufacturing, processing, quality control, storage and use of different agroindustrial crops.
  2. Enumerate the chemistry, quality, compatibility, formulations and production technology of fertilizers and pesticides.
  3. Identify suitable radiation detection techniques and justify radioisotope applications in different fields of agricultural research.
  4. Categorize water based on quality parameters to recommend water for different usage.
  5. Describe concept on sustainable bioenergy generation.
  6. Identify the sources of natural products and explain their purification methods.

 

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Summary of Course Content  

Course Content

Aligned CLO

No. of Lectures

Chemistry and technology of agroindustrial crops

 

1

 

4

Rubber: Tapping system; composition and processing of natural rubber; properties and synthesis of synthetic rubber.

Sugar: Classification of sugar, manufacture of plantation white sugar, quality control of sugar in manufacturing and storage, utilization of sugar mill by products.

1

4

Tea: Chemistry of tea manufacturing processes - aroma, polyphenols and enzymes; manufacturing techniques - CTC, orthodox and green tea; food value of tea; value added tea; tea tasting and blending - quality assessment of tea.

1

4

Chemistry and technology of fertilizer: Concept and history of fertilizers; properties of fertilizers; quality control, specifications, compatibility and comparison of commonly used fertilizers; manufacturing technology of urea, SSP, TSP, DAP, MoP and ammonium sulphate; secondary and micronutrient fertilizers; mixed, compound, liquid and controlled release fertilizers.

2

9

Agrochemical formulation: Conventional formulations - dusts, granules, wettable powders, soluble powders, solution concentrates, emulsifiable concentrates, aerosol and fumigant; new generation formulations - oil in water emulsions, suspoemulsions, microemulsions, controlled release formulations and water dispersible granules; carriers, adjuvants and surfactants.

2

4

Nuclear chemistry: Concept of radionuclides; properties and absorption of radionuclide radiations; nuclear reactions and stability; radioactive decay and half-life, radiocarbon dating; radiation detection, radiation safety, radiotracer methodology - selection of isotopes for radiotracer assay; isotopic dilution and plant injection techniques; application of radioisotopes in soil, crop, plant protection, irrigated agriculture and irradiation studies.

3

8

Water chemistry: Physical, chemical, biological and radiological qualities of water; water quality assessment for drinking, irrigation, aquaculture and agroindustrial usage; salinity and alkalinity hazards of water, water pollution and its causes, fate of water contaminants in agroecosystem; water and wastewater treatment processes.

4

5

Bioenergy: Concepts and applications of bioenergy and renewable energy; bioconversion processes of biomass - generation technology and utilization of bioethanol and biodiesel; production technology and utilization of biogas and bioslurry.

5

5

Natural product chemistry: Sources, classification, biosynthesis, isolation and purification of alkaloids, polyphenols, essential oils and terpenoids.

6

5

Total Lectures

48

 

Teaching Strategy

  • Lecture
  • Multimedia presentation
  • Video demonstration
  • Field trip

Assessment Strategy

  • Short question
  • MCQ
  • Assignment

 

 

 

Books Recommended:

Ayers, R.S. and Westcot, D.W. 1985. Water Quality for Agriculture. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 29 Rev., Rome, Italy.

Barnes, A.C. 1974. The Sugarcane. Intersciences Publishers Inc., New York, USA.

Panda, H. 2011. The Complete Book on Sugarcane Processing and By-Products of Molasses (with Analysis of Sugar, Syrup and Molasses), Asia Pacific Business Press Inc.

Clarke, M. A., and Godshall, M. A. (ed.). 2013. Chemistry and processing of sugarbeet and sugarcane: proceedings of the Symposium on the Chemistry and Processing of Sugarbeet, Denver, Colorado, April 6, 1987 and the Symposium on the Chemistry and Processing of Sugarcane, New Orleans, Louisiana, September 3-4, 1987. Elsevier.

Cooper, R. and Nicola, G. 2015. Natural Products Chemistry: Sources, Separations and Structures. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, New York, USA.

Cutler, H.G. and Cutler, S.J. (eds.) 1999. Biologically Active Natural Products: Agrochemicals. CRC Press LLC, Florida, USA.

Dhingra, K.C. 1984. Hand Book on Rubber and Rubber Goods Industries. Small Industry Research Institute, New Delhi.

Havlin, J.L.; Tisdale, S.L; Nelson, W.L. and Beaton, J. D. 2013. Soil Fertility and Fertilizers. 8th edn., Prentice-Hall Inc., New Jersey, USA.

Hou C.T. and Shaw, J.F. 2008. Biocatalysis and Bioenergy.John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.

Jain, N.K. (ed.). 1999. Global Advances in Tea Science. Aravali Books International Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India.

Knowles, D.A. (eds). 1998. Chemistry and Technology of Agrochemical Formulations. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands.

Lieser, K.H. 2001. Nuclear and Radiochemistry: Fundamentals and Applications. 2nd edn., Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, Weinheim, Germany.

Loveland, W.D., Morrissey, D.J. and Seaborg G.T. 2017. Modern Nuclear Chemistry. 2nd edn., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.

Mathur, R.B.L. 1987. Hand Book of Cane Sugar Technology. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Calcutta, India.

Mital, K.M. 1997. Biogas Systems - Policies, Progress and Prospects. Published by Taylor and Francis, USA.

Stanforth, S. 2006. Natural Product Chemistry at a Glance. Blackwell Publishers, USA.

Todd, D.K. and Mays, L.W. 2005. Groundwater Hydrology. 3rd edn., John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York, USA.

UNIDO and IFDC (eds.) 1998.Fertilizer Manual.Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht, The Netherlands.

Vose, P.B. 1980. Introduction to Nuclear Techniques in Agronomy and Plant Biology.Pergamon Press Ltd., Oxford, England.